Informatics Publishing Limited

Puneet Bhushan ¹, Pradeep Kumar Singh ², Yashwant Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, IN
2 Department of CSE, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, IN

Abstract

Objectives: Household energy composition is generally looked upon as a concept associated with the income level of the household. Current study is an attempt to understand various factors that influence the phenomenon of fuel switching in rural India in general and Himalayan state of Himachal Pradesh in particular. Methods/Statistical Analysis: For the purpose of the study primary data was collected to look upon the energy use pattern at household level with respect to the household size, income level of household, availability of various energy sources, prices of the alternate fuels sources, time taken to utilise different fuel sources, and household's accessibility to fuels. Findings: Study finds that despite major differentials in income at household level, the energy mix across income strata doesn't show any significant difference. Clean energy sources availability, affordability and cultural preferences are three major factors that still influence the household energy mix in Himalayan transact. Application/Improvements: Fuel switching approach needs a major rethinking and income based top down approach is highly desired.

Keywords

Energy Consumption, Fuel Switching, Household Energy, Income, Socio-Economic.

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P. Khurana ¹, A. Sharma ², Pradeep Kumar Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Amity University, Noida - 201313, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan - 173234, Himachal Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Objectives: Mobile network, ad-hoc network or Wireless ad-hoc network is the latest networking trend today. In the past fifteen years the no. of Mobile phone users has grown exponentially. The perks offered by this wireless mode of networking are open to all: anywhere, anytime, un tethered access to a huge no. of global users. Statistical Analysis: This paper consists of systematic review and analysis of various existing techniques which helps us to cope against such disasters with an actual and sorted representation. In the end, we wind up our results with the merits and demerits of existing methods along with the liabilities of future scope in this area. Findings: The review studies have shown various mobile software vulnerabilities with their advantages, disadvantages along with their future scopes. Application: The application of mobile software networks is innumerable, from mobile browsers to e-commerce to mobile money, there uses are extensive and important.

Keywords

Ad-hoc Network, Authentication, Malware, Mobile Network, Reliability, Vulnerabilities.

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Toshan Kumar Thakur ¹, Pradeep Kumar Singh ², Lekh Ram Verma ³, Gaya Prasad Ayam ³

Affiliations
1 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (I.G.A.U.), Bastar, Jagdalpur (C.G.), IN
2 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (I.G.A.U.), Mungeli, (C.G.), IN
3 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (I.G.A.U.), Bastar, Jagdalpur, (C.G.), IN

Abstract

The experiment was conducted at Bastar disrtict of Chhattisgarh to assessment of fish cum duck farming system on physico-chemical, biological parameters of pond ecosystem and overall fish production in the ponds. This trial was conducted during three successive years 2014-2016 for the period of 8 months. The pond was stocked with fingerlings @6000 /ha of indian major carps (Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala in a ratio of 4:3:3) to utilize the maximum energy in the pond through polyculture. The Muscovy (Local name-Naghansh, S.N. – Cairina moschata) breed of ducks was used for the integrated system to fulfill the purpose of obtaining the meat and for deliver the excreta into the ponds during wild grazing. Under such cultural practice at village level no supplementary feed was given to the fish while the ducks were fed with fresh kitchen leftovers and agricultural by products as kanki (broken cereal grains), kodha (rice bran) which are easily available commodities in rural areas. The study revealed that water quality parameters i.e. pH, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity were significantly higher in integrated pond than control pond (without ducks). Further plankton levels (Phyto and zooplankton) were also improved considerably in integrated pond. Indian major carps in the integrated ponds exhibited better body weight than the control pond. Better growth rate in fishes was contributed to a yield of 1.980 tonnes/ha/ year with integration of ducks in fish pond whereas 1.052 tonnes/ha/year yields were observed in the control pond. The results conclude that integrated fish cum duck farming is more profitable than farming fish alone with no inputs under rural conditions of Chhattisgarh.

Keywords

Fish Cum Duck Farming, Plankton, Village Pond.

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Pradeep Kumar Singh ¹, Pankaj Singh ², Rajat Pratap Singh ³, Ram Lakhan Singh ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya - 224001, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya - 224001, Uttar Pradesh, IN
3 Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas University, Koni, Bilaspur - 495009, Chhattisgarh, IN
4 Vice-Chancellor, Nilamber-Pitamber University, Medininagar, Palamu - 822101, Jharkhand, IN

Abstract

The present study was aimed to isolate a new bacterial strain for the degradation/decolorization of azo dye Acid Blue 113 (AB 113). The physico-chemical method is inadequate for degradation of azo dyes; therefore, an environmental friendly and competent method such as use of the biological organism was studied for decolorization of AB 113. Bushnell and Hass (BHM) medium containing AB 113 dye were used to perform the decolorization study. 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach was used for identification of bacterial isolate as a Klebsiella variicola. The optimum process parameters for the decolorization of AB 113 were found at pH 8, 35°C temperature and 100 mg/L dye concentration during 72 h incubation. Glucose and ammonium sulphate was the carbon and nitrogen source suited well for the decolorization of dye. The results proved that the Klebsiella variicola, offer huge ability in treating textile wastewater containing the color AB 113.

Keywords

Acid Blue 113, Azo Dye, Decolorization, Klebsiella Variicola, 16S rDNA.

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Pradeep Kumar Singh ¹, Rajat Pratap Singh ², Pankaj Singh ³, Ram Lakhan Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya – 224001, Uttar Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas University, Koni, Bilaspur – 495009, Chhattisgarh, IN
3 Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya - 224001, Uttar Pradesh, IN

Abstract

In this study, a bacterial strain was isolated from soil and tested for the decolorization of azo dye Acid Blue 113 (AB 113). Decolorization of azo dyes by means of physico-chemical method is not environmentally friendly thus an alternative method based on bacteria was employed for decolorization of AB 113. The color removal studies were performed using Bushnell and Hass medium amended with AB 113 dye. Bacterial isolate Bacillus subtilis RMLP2 was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The effect of various physico-chemical parameters such as incubation condition, pH, temperature, carbon source, nitrogen source and dye concentration on decolorization of AB 113 by Bacillus subtilis RMLP2 were studied. The bacterial isolate showed the remarkable higher percentage (92.71%) of color removal of dye AB 113 at 100 mg/L concentration, 35^oC, pH 7 during 72 h of incubation period under static condition. Yeast extract and glucose was found as best nitrogen and carbon source for efficient decolorization of dye. These results confirmed that the Bacillus subtilis has enormous ability to degrade dye AB 113 present in textile effluents.

Keywords

Acid Blue 113, Azo Dye, Bacillus subtilis, Decolorization, 16S rDNA.

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